[United States Courts]:

$1,500 · Offered by William Reese Company · No longer available

DEBATES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, ON THE BILL FOR REPEALING THE LAW "FOR THE MORE CONVENIENT ORGANIZATION OF THE COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES;" DURING THE FIRST SESSION OF THE SEVENTH ... An important - and possibly the most extensive - record of Congressional debates concerning the nature of the Judiciary and its establishment as an independent branch of the government in the wake of the Judiciary Act of 1801. Two versions of these debates were printed in 1802: one in Philadelphia; and the present Albany, New York version, which bears imprints by two different sets of printers. This Albany version differs from the Philadelphia printing in that it includes both the Senate and House debates. It also appears to have been edited from a pro-Jeffersonian viewpoint, mentioning in the preface that the "judicial power has armed itself in defence of its own supposed rights and independence."The election of 1800 represented the end of Federalist control of the Executive branch after twelve years. On the eve of Jefferson's inauguration President Adams nominated and the Senate confirmed John Marshall as chief justice of the Supreme Court. In addition, Congress quickly passed a law reducing the number of Supreme Court justices to five, took away their Circuit Court duties, and reorganized the Circuit Courts with sixteen new justices, all of whom were nominated and confirmed just weeks prior to the inauguration. The intention was to keep the Judiciary as an adjunct of the Federa

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