LENIN, Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (ed.).

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Complete runs of Vpered (Forward) and Proletarii (Proletarians). Complete runs of two of the earliest revolutionary Bolshevik émigré newspapers: Vpered, the first Bolshevik newspaper, and Proletarii, its immediate successor.Journalism was a key part of Lenin's revolutionary activities. "A succession of papers and journals, especially Iskra, Vpered, Proletarii and eventually Pravda, occupied the core of Lenin's life in the exile years. He wrote an astonishing number of articles for his journals... In all Lenin contributed forty articles to [Vpered]. It was replaced by Proletarii (Proletarians). From May to his return to Russia in November, he spent three days a week working on it. He contributed ninety articles to its twenty-six issues... For Lenin, being a professional revolutionary was more or less synonymous with being, like his mentor Karl Marx, a professional political analyst and commentator" (Read, p. 63).Vpered was founded after the Mensheviks seized control of Iskra from Lenin in 1904; it was published in Geneva from 22 December 1904 (4 January 1905 New Style) to 5 (18) May 1905, and was critical to the formation of their new and distinct political identity. Lenin was joined on Vpered's editorial board by Alexander Bogdanov, Anatoly Lunacharsky, and Mikhail Olminsky. Financial support was provided by the founder of socialist realism, Maxim Gorky, who also contributed articles to several issues. The final issue was printed just before Lenin's departure from Geneva for

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