TURING, Alan, & Norman Arthur Routledge (their copy) - PONTRJAGIN, Lev Semyonovich.

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Topological Groups. First edition in English, first printing, from the library of Alan Turing, inscribed on the front free endpaper by his friend and fellow mathematician "Norman Arthur Routledge December 1954 (From A. M. Turing's books)".Routledge (1928-2013) read mathematics at King's College, Cambridge, graduating in 1949. While in Cambridge, he became a friend of Turing, who was a fellow at the college. Routledge afterwards worked on recursion theory and published two papers on the subject ("Ordinal Recursion", 1953, and "Concerning Definable Sets", 1954). In 1952, he became an operator on Turing's Pilot Automatic Computing Engine, built in 1950 and the successor to Turing's Colossus computers at Bletchley Park. Routledge returned to academia, and in 1959 became a mathematics teacher at Eton.Turing's letters to Routledge in the years leading to his suicide give great insight into his internal suffering. Turing was open with Routledge about his sexuality (and presumably knew Routledge's own, who in his later years lived as openly gay). One letter to Routledge, in February 1952, is perhaps Turing's most famous, ending with the syllogism: "Turing believes machines think / Turing lies with men / Therefore machines do not think / Yours in distress / Alan". Routledge inherited a number of Turing's books after the latter's death in 1954.The Soviet mathematician Lev Pontrjagin was one of the great figures in the discipline, making discoveries in a number of fields. Topological Gr

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